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[Music]

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hi everyone I'm

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from Ohio University I'm a space

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biologist

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that we send plant samples to space

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and I will try to see how those plant

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samples adapt to the space flight

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environment and then we use information

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from these to make them better adapt to

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a stream environment on heart or to also

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prepare how we can cultivate uh plants

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in space for future

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cultivations future exploration

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and so I work on arabidopsis plants

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which is a model plant it's what E coli

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is to microbiologists and um it's model

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because it's a also the genome sequenced

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already and so we can easily trace a

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particular phenotype to a particular

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genotype so to the right up there is

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what the arabidosis siblings look like

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after we get them back from the space

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environment in this case I mean about

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about the International Space Station at

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the lower Hutt orbit where we have zero

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gravity microgravity and that way we

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have ionizing radiation and altered flue

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gas Dynamics as one of the extremities

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in that environment so basically we send

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seed to space we let those seeds

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germinate in space we let them grow for

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few days we freeze them and we return

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them to Earth and when they get part of

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half I analyze them

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transcriptomics and proteomics to make

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uh to make sense of how such plants

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adapts to the space flight environment

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and for uh us to conduct specified

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environments we use different Hardwares

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as you can see on top

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on top Air is the advanced plant habitat

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that's the desired most desirable

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Hardware currently for almost everyone

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researching uh space plant biology and

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here we have the brick

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break Hardware I love using the brick

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it's got the name from the fact that it

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looks like a brick Block it's biological

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research in canister I work with it and

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this is the European modular cultivation

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system it's been retired currently and

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being replaced by the multivariable

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platform so these are just a few of the

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many Hardwares that we used to send

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specimen to space plants micro but in

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this case we we use this to stand out

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plant to space

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uh the first multi-homix are experiments

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conducted on plant Central space was

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conducted by my lab and then we

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discovered that uh comparing the look

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for change of the transcript that's the

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RNA to the look for change of the

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protein while plotting a correlation

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graph of it we discovered very low

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correlation between differentially

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expressed transcript and differentially

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abundant protein which is uh indicative

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of the fact that post-transcriptional

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modification of transcript is one of the

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Adaptive mechanism of plants to space

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flight environment that means not all

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RNA gets to become protein and that also

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net it's it's underscore the need for us

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to study procurements to conduct

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proteomic studies of these plants that

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we send to space because the proteomies

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will probably give more insight into the

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Adaptive mechanism than the

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transcriptomics unfortunately because

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protonic study require large tissue Mass

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which we don't have the luxury of having

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large tissue large plants sent to space

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most people conduct just transcriptomic

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study until date globally only for

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protonic study have been conducted on

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arabidosis and above ISS and these are

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the four protonic studies uh different

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environments are different uh conditions

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different variables uh age of the plants

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out where uh light condition seed line

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used the tissue type and the type of

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protein extracted they vary across all

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those uh four experiments two of those

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experiments were conducted on the lab

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I'm the one in charge of the last one in

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red called The Brick LED uh project so

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to get idea of um what's uh the uh to

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get idea of plants response on the the

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protonic level to the space flight

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environment based on these are field

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data set we have to do what we call

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meta-analysis of the protonic data set

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from this of the protonic data sets from

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these four experiment and that's what I

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do so this is the first stage of the

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metal

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analysis so we start from the left ear

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are we intersected the protein

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um abundance about the detected protein

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across all the four Hardwares and common

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to the protein across all the four

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Hardware these are three protein

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which are pick up one that's the

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microtubule destabilizing protein which

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is involved in chromosome separation

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during cell division it involves

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information of um cell shape and it's

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also involved in a transport vesicular

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transport implant and also we we

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discovered the comment of these four

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four data sets our protein is that the

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protein involving defense response and

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mRNA binding now I went a step further

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and isolated uh the data set called emcs

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which is the the data set called abrs

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Advanced biological research system I

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isolated it

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from the data from the general data set

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because it uh they use the mutant seed

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line so I I only call I compared those

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seed lines that were the wide type and

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from intersection of the three data set

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that com that you know that use our seed

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lines that are white type we have these

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eight proteins and here are the air the

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proteins so conducting the protein

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protein uh interaction network analysis

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we see that regulation of microtubule

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microtubule destabilization or

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microtubule rearrangement is a major

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adaptation uh mechanism of plants to the

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extreme space flight environment and one

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thing we notice in phenotype of plants

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that we grow in space is that they are

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usually uh smaller looking less healthy

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compared to those grown on Earth where

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we have the full gravity and there are

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no ionizing radiation now I went further

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to compare the

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brick data set which are the one that we

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conducted in our lab and we can be so

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sure of so we have two of them we have

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the brick LED which were conducted in

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light you know this brick LED Hardware

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add light in it and we have the brick

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PDF view which had no light so all these

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plants this experiment were both flown

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to space uh weapon were both flew into

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space but won't add light one add more

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light both of them had no gravity are

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they so at The Intercept of them the

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protein here 186 of them would

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definitely be due to the space flight

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environment while the protein here will

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be due to photomorphogenesis that is

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growed in light cross-interacting

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protein maybe between the hardware and

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growth and light and Elusive protein due

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to the advanced technology that we use

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on the brick LED compared to the brick

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PDF view why the protein here are those

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involved in scotomorphogenesis growth in

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darkness and cross-interacting protein

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now I call this protein due to space

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flight environment I call them the brick

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intercept so comparing the brick

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intercept this is the brick intercept

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comparing it with another data set from

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the European modular cultivation system

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where they add a centrifuge about the

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International Space Station one

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decentric food having the 1G centrifuge

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above International Space Station

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eliminates microgravity so it introduced

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1G gravity so this data set emcs

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as as excluded microgravity and

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everything in this data set is radiation

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so comparing our intersecting this brick

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intercept with this emcs data set

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whatever is in the middle here will

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definitely be due to radiation or

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altered fluid gas Dynamic you know in

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the absence of gravity plants don't pick

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water the same way that we do on Earth

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and whatever we have here is due to

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microgravity definitely and whatever we

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have here proteins here are due to the

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emcs hardware and cross interaction now

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doing a protein protein interaction a

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network of the uh proteins that we

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believe are due to radiation we see that

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ah most of them are involved in ribosome

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assembly ribosome biogenesis and um

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ribosome powerogenesis and protein

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translational Machinery so one takeaway

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from this is that arabidosis ribosomal

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activity is altered by space flight

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ionizing radiation So currently I'm I'm

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comparing the transcriptomic data

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between these two data sets and we're

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also trying to do a wet lab

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determination of the specific role of

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this intersecting protein so we're

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hoping to collaboration on a protonic

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meta-analysis of this uh space flight

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stuff there are a lot of things that

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could be done or made so uh my

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acknowledgment to Dr Sarah white that's

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my advisor and then Dr Colin Cruz from

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the National Lab in New Mexico and to

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the NASA analysis working group plant

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homies who sponsored this uh research

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[Applause]